Software na kamfanoni manya da kanana (Enterprise da SMB)

Cikakken samun damar amfani da tsarin gaba ɗaya, ba ƙayyadadden nau’in lasisi (reduced SKU) ba

Ƙananan kamfanoni (SMBs) da manyan kamfanoni suna farawa ne a kan ginshiƙi guda. Ana kunna modules a matakai, amma tsarin ya cika tun daga rana ta farko. Wannan yana hana sanannen tarko na fara aiki da ƙaramin kayan aiki da ba zai iya girma ya dace da ainihin ayyukan kasuwanci ba.

• Haɗaɗɗen tsarin bayanai guda ɗaya a duk ayyukan asali, kuɗi, da tsarin hulɗa da abokan ciniki.
• Injin dokoki (rules engine) domin amincewa, ka’idojin bin doka, farashi, da aiwatar da manufofi.
• Tsara gudanar da ayyuka (workflow orchestration) tare da bayanan diddigin aiki (audit trails), damar amfani bisa matsayi (role-based access), da faɗakarwa.
• Matakin haɗawa don tsarin ERP, CRM, shaida (identity), lissafin kuɗi (billing), da tsarin bayar da rahoto (reporting systems).
• An gina tsarin lura, gwaji, da sarrafa sakin sigar tun daga farko, ba a ƙara su daga baya ba.

Hanyar SMB: cikakken tsarin, kunnawa a matakai

SMBs na buƙatar sauri da bayyananniyar fahimta. Aiwatarwar tana farawa da aiki ɗaya ko biyu masu tasiri sosai, sannan a faɗaɗa ba tare da sake gina dandamali daga tushe ba. Ba a sauƙaƙa tsarin ba; an tsara shi ne a matakai domin ƙungiya ta iya ɗaukar sauye-sauye cikin aminci.

Mataki na 1 - Maye gurbin muhimmin tsarin workflow

A maye gurbin mafi wahalar workflow na hannu da wani tsarin samarwa (production-grade module) da ya haɗa da amincewa, tarihin duba aiki (audit trails), da rahoto. Wannan yana kawo tanadin lokaci nan take ba tare da tilasta canjin tsarin aiki ga dukan kamfani gaba ɗaya ba.

Mataki na 2 - Ayyuka masu kusanci da daidaita bayanai wuri guda

Faɗaɗa zuwa tsare-tsaren aiki da ke kusa da juna kuma a haɗa bayanan da a da aka rarraba su a takardun lissafi (spreadsheets) ko ƙananan kayan aiki. A nan ne haske da iko kan tsarin ke fara taruwa su ƙaru.

Mataki na 3 - Atomatik da inganta aiki

Gabatar da bincike ta atomatik, tura ayyuka bisa ƙa’idoji (rules driven routing), da ayyukan da AI ke taimakawa da zarar tsararren bututun haɓakawa (core pipeline) ya daidaita. Manufa ita ce a kawar da maimaita aiki yayin barin mutane suna riƙe da iko a kan yanke shawarar da ke da babbar illa ko haɗari.

SMBs suna ci gaba da samun cikakken damar amfani da tsarin gaba ɗaya a wannan hanya, don haka dandamali zai iya faɗaɗawa zuwa sabbin kayayyaki, sabbin yankuna, da ƙarin girman ma’amaloli ba tare da sake maye gurbinsa ba.

Hanyar manyan kamfanoni: maye gurbin tsare-tsaren masu kaya na Fortune 500

Manyan kamfanoni galibi suna amfani da tsararrun tsare-tsare da wasu manyan kamfanonin Fortune 500 suka gina. Wannan hanyar tana maye gurbin waɗannan tsare-tsaren, ciki har da dandamalan da waɗannan manyan kamfanoni suka gina kuma suke ribata a kansu a sauran ƙungiyoyin Fortune 500. Sakamakon shi ne tsarin da ya dace da kasuwanci maimakon tilasta kasuwanci ya daidaita da takurawar mai kaya (vendor).

Fadada amfani da tsarin a manyan kamfanoni (enterprise rollouts) na buƙatar ƙa’idojin kulawa masu tsauri, tallafin yankuna (regions) da dama, da sauya tsarin aiki a matakai. An ƙera tsarin ne don zurfin haɗawa da tsofaffin majiyoyin bayanai, sannan a hankali a motsa ikon mallaka daga tsohon tsari zuwa sabon dandamali.

• Taswirar tsari a sassa daban-daban na ƙungiya da iyakokin fannonin aiki (domain boundaries) waɗanda ke nuna yadda kasuwancin ke aiki a zahiri.
• An gina buƙatun hukumomin sa ido da na binciken lissafi (audit) a cikin matakin workflow, ba a liƙa su daga baya ba.
• Ƙarfin gudanar da tsohon da sabon tsarin a lokaci guda da kuma yiwuwar maida canjin tsarin baya (reversible cutovers) domin muhimman ayyuka masu babban haɗari.
• Manufofin aiki, faɗaɗa aiki, da murmurewa daga bala’i da suka yi daidai da yarjejeniyar matakin sabis (enterprise SLAs).

Dalilin da ya sa wannan ya zama mai yiwuwa a yanzu

Ci gaban da AI ke taimakawa a kai, samfuran lamba (code models), da ingantaccen aikin sarrafa injiniya sun rage tsadar gina tsaruka masu rikitarwa sosai. Abin da a da yake buƙatar manyan ƙungiyoyi da isarwa na shekaru da dama yanzu ana iya aiwatar da shi ta ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na ƙwararru tare da ɗaurewar zagayen ra’ayi (feedback cycles) masu ƙanƙanta.

Sakamakon shi ne wata hanya mai amfani wadda ke bai wa SMBs damar samun tsarin matakin-kamfanoni masu girma (enterprise grade systems) da kuma bai wa manyan kamfanoni damar maye gurbin kayayyakin masu kaya na duka-da-dandamali (vendor suites) ba tare da yarda da shekaru na kullewa a hannun mai kaya da jinkirin isar da aiki ba.

Tsarin gini (architecture) da ke faɗaɗawa daga ƙananan kasuwanci (SMB) zuwa manyan kamfanoni (enterprise).

An ƙera dandamalin ne domin ya iya faɗaɗa rikitarwa da nauyin aiki ba tare da canza muhimman ka’idojinsa na asali ba. Wannan yana hana rarrabuwar kai a cikin tsarin kuma yana kiyaye daidaitaccen tsarin kulawa (governance) a duk tsakanin ƙananan da manyan shigar da tsarin.

• Tsararren samfurin yanki na farko tare da iyakoki masu bayyani tsakanin ayyuka, kudi, bin ka’idodi, da hanyoyin aiki na abokan ciniki.
• Gine-ginen da ya dogara da dokoki domin ka’idojin manufofi su kasance a sarari, masu yiwuwa a gwada su, kuma masu bayyana ga masu ruwa da tsaki waɗanda ba injiniyoyi ba.
• Tsara abubuwan da ke faruwa (events) da hanyoyin aiki (workflows) cikin tsari, wanda ke ba da damar yin bincike (auditability), sake kunnawa (replay), da auna sakamako yadda ya kamata.
• Haɗin kai na API-first domin tsarin ya iya yin aiki tare da tsofaffin kayan aiki yayin lokacin ƙaura.
• Asalin bayanai (data lineage) da bibiyar canje-canje domin a iya bin duk wata shawara zuwa ga sahihin tushen rikodi.

Tsarin haɓakawa mai tsari (structured development pipeline)

An tsara tsarin isar da aiki ne ta yadda kasuwanci zai iya ganin ci gaba tun da wuri ba tare da rage ƙa’idar inganci ba.

1. Bincike da taswirar hanyoyin aiki: rubuta ainihin matakan aiki, abubuwan ƙetare ƙa’ida (exceptions), da mahimman wuraren yanke shawara.
2. Tsarin ginshiƙin aiki na tsarin: fayyace samfurorin fannoni (domain models), ƙa’idoji, da iyakokin haɗa-hɗa kafin a fara rubuta lamba.
3. Tsarin ƙaura na bayanai: gano tushen bayanai na asali (sources of record), ƙa’idojin daidaitawa (reconciliation rules), da buƙatun ajiya (archival requirements).
4. Gina da gwadawa: aiwatar da modules tare da gwaje-gwajen atomatik, rufe yanayi daban-daban (scenario coverage), da ma’aunin aiki (performance baselines).
5. Gudanar da tsohon da sabon tsarin a lokaci guda da kuma canjin mallaka: tabbatar da sakamakon aiki daidai da tsohon tsarin sannan a mika ikon gudanarwa cikin aminci.
6. Mika aikin gudanarwa: rubuta takardun playbooks, runbooks, da faɗakarwa domin samun daidaiton aiki na dogon lokaci.

Gwaji, inganci, da tsarin kulawa (governance)

Tsarin gine-ginen da ya dogara da dokoki yana sa gwaji ya zama tsari. Ana tantance kowane workflow da kundin sakamakon da ake tsammani, matsalolin gefe, da yanayin gazawa kafin a saki sabon sigar.

Ga manyan kamfanoni, kulawa da bin doka (governance) ya haɗa da bayanan sahihancin aiki (audit trails), ikon samun dama (access controls), da binciken bin ƙa’ida (compliance checks) da aka hado kai tsaye a cikin matakin hanyoyin aiki. Ga ƙananan kamfanoni (SMBs), wannan irin kulawar tana nan amma an sauƙaƙe yadda ake gabatar da ita, ba ƙarfin abin da take iya yi ba.

Hijira da haɗawa ba tare da katse kasuwanci ba

Duk ƙananan kasuwanci da manyan kamfanoni na buƙatar ci gaba ba tare da yankewa ba. Tsarin ƙaura yana mai da hankali kan lokutan gudu a lokaci guda (dual-run), rahotanni da aka daidaita, da canjawa wacce za a iya mayar da ita baya (reversible cutover) domin aiki ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin kwanciyar hankali yayin sauyi.

Ana ɗaukar haɗa-hɗa (integrations) a matsayin manyan sassa masu cikakken daraja (first-class modules). Tsarin na iya karanta daga tsofaffin CRM, ERP, da manyan ma’ajiyar bayanai (data warehouses) yayin da a hankali yake karɓar ikon sarrafa hanyoyin aiki da bayanan da ake ɗauka a matsayin tushen gaskiya (data of record).

Abin da SMBs ke samu

• Cikakken tsarin kasuwanci na matakin kamfanoni ba tare da nauyin manyan fakitin dillali ba.
• Samun ƙima cikin sauri ta hanyar gabatar da tsarin a matakai (phased rollout) da maye gurbin takamaiman hanyoyin aiki.
• Dandamali wanda ke faɗaɗa tare da kasuwanci maimakon tilasta sake ginawa daga baya.
• Bayyanannen mallakar bayanai, ƙa’idoji, da ma’anar rahoto tun daga farko.

Abin da manyan kamfanoni ke samu

• Maye gurbin tarin kayayyakin masu kaya dabam-dabam da wani dandali da aka daidaita da ainihin yanayin cikin gida.
• Raguwar nauyin haɗa-hɗa, ƙarancin ƙananan hanyoyin mafita (point solutions), da sauƙaƙen tallafin ayyukan yau da kullum.
• Dokoki da workflows da suka dace da ƙuntatawar doka da yarjejeniyoyi ba tare da sassauci ko kauce wa ka’ida ba.
• Hanyar zamani wacce ke rage kullewa ga mai kaya (vendor lock-in) kuma ta inganta saurin daidaitawa.

Mahangar ƙarshe

Ƙananan kamfanoni (SMBs) da manyan kamfanoni dukkansu sun cancanci cikakkun tsare-tsare da suka dace da ainihin yanayin aikinsu. Dandalin iri ɗaya ne; hanyar shimfiɗa shi ce ake daidaitawa da girma, matakin haɗari, da buƙatun kulawar kowace ƙungiya. Sakamakon shi ne ƙarancin kayayyakin da ba su haɗu ba, ƙarancin takurawar masu kaya, da tsarin da a ƙarshe suka dace da yadda kasuwanci ke aiki.